/ A1 /End Notes
/ 00 / Preface
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1
Statista, “Global 500 Market Capitalisation Data,” 2025. statista.com/statistics/802938. IMF, “World Economic Outlook,” 2024. imf.org/en/Publications/WEO
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2
Cory Doctorow, “The ‘Enshittification’ of TikTok,” Wired, January 2023. wired.com/story/tiktok-platforms-cory-doctorow
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3
Marc Andreessen, “The Techno-Optimist Manifesto,” Andreessen Horowitz, 16 October 2023. a16z.com/the-techno-optimist-manifesto
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4
Alexander C. Karp and Nicholas W. Zamiska, The Technological Republic (Crown, 2025).
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5
“The Authoritarian Stack,” n.d. authoritarian-stack.info
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6
Vitalik Buterin, post on X, 3 March 2026. x.com/VitalikButerin/status/2028913738057957433
/ 01 / The Revolution that Wasn’t
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7
Loup Durand, Jaguar, English translation of Le Jaguar (1988).
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8
“Why this is the coldest crypto winter yet,” The Economist, 10 February 2026. economist.com/finance-and-economics/2026/02/10/why-this-is-the-coldest-crypto-winter-yet
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9
“Research: $20 Billion Raised Through ICOs Since 2017,” Cointelegraph, 10 October 2018. Fabric Ventures and TokenData, “The State of the Token Market,” 2018.
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10
Satis Group, “Cryptoasset Market Coverage Initiation: Network Creation,” 2018.
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11
TokenData, “Crowdsale Tracking,” via Bitcoin.com, February 2018. Webisoft, “ICO Statistics,” 2025. webisoft.com/articles/ico-statistics
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12
CoinGecko, “EOS Price and Historical Data,” accessed 2026. CoinMarketCap, “EOS,” accessed 2026.
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13
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, “Telegram to Return $1.2 Billion to Investors and Pay $18.5 Million Penalty,” Press Release 2020-146, 26 June 2020.
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14
BlackRock, “iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF (IBIT),” accessed 2026.
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15
U.S. Congress, “GENIUS Act (S.1582), 119th Congress,” 2025. congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/1582/text
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16
McKinsey & Company, “Asset Management 2025: The Great Convergence,” 2025. CoinGecko, “Global Cryptocurrency Market Cap,” accessed 2026.
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17
Bank of America, “Global Fund Manager Survey,” August 2025, reported by BeInCrypto.
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18
Charles Hoskinson, quoted in “Why this is the coldest crypto winter yet,” The Economist, 10 February 2026 (see note 8).
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19
Uniswap Labs, “Unsupported Token List,” accessed 2026. “Uniswap Labs Front-End Remains Blocked in Ukraine,” Blockworks, 2025.
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20
CoinGecko, “Filecoin Price and Historical Data,” accessed 2026. CoinGecko, “Internet Computer Price and Historical Data,” accessed 2026.
/ 02 / The World has Changed
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21
CyberArk, “2025 Identity Security Landscape,” 23 April 2025. Palo Alto Networks, “2026 Cybersecurity Predictions,” 2025.
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22
Jillian Mascelli and Megan Rodden, “‘Harvest Now, Decrypt Later’: Examining Post-Quantum Cryptography and the Data Privacy Risks for Distributed Ledger Networks,” Federal Reserve FEDS Working Paper 2025-093, September 2025.
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23
European Union, “Artificial Intelligence Act, Article 99 (Penalties),” 2024. European Parliament and Council, Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 of 8 July 2026 (Digital Omnibus on AI), Official Journal L, 24 July 2026.
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24
European Securities and Markets Authority, “Statement on the end of transitional periods under MiCA,” April 2026.
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25
“France Orders All Government Ministries to Ditch Windows for Linux in Digital Sovereignty Push,” The Next Web, April 2026. “French State Ditches US Tech Over Data-Grab Fears,” Brussels Signal, April 2026.
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26
“German State Schleswig-Holstein Ditches Microsoft for Open Source,” It’s FOSS, 2025.
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27
The Document Foundation, “Austria’s Military Switches from Microsoft Office to LibreOffice,” 30 September 2025.
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28
European Commission, “Commission Proposes Tech Sovereignty Package to Strengthen Europe’s Digital Autonomy and Resilience,” 3 June 2026.
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29
epicenter.works, “Five Problems the Commission Must Fix in the EU Wallet,” accessed 2026. European Digital Rights (EDRi), “The eID Wallet Still Doesn’t Deserve Your Full Trust,” accessed 2026.
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30
Cybernews, “ANTS Hack: 19 Million Records Exposed in French ID Agency Breach,” April 2026. “France Confirms Data Breach at Government Agency That Manages Citizens’ IDs,” TechCrunch, 22 April 2026.
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31
Statista, “Artificial Intelligence — Worldwide Market Forecast,” 2025.
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32
Confidencial, “2025 Data Security Review: Why the Perimeter Shifted,” December 2025.
/ 03 / What Money Is For
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33
Bernard Lietaer, The Future of Money (Random House, 2001).
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34
E.F. Schumacher, Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered (Blond & Briggs, 1973).
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35
Elinor Ostrom, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action (Cambridge University Press, 1990).
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36
Arthur Brock, “Metacurrency” and the “Levels of Wealth” / Deep Wealth model. artbrock.com/metacurrency
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37
James Stodder, “Complementary Credit Networks and Macroeconomic Stability: Switzerland’s Wirtschaftsring,” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 72, no. 1 (2009): 79–95.
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38
Ralph Borsodi and Robert Swann, Inflation and the Coming Keynesian Catastrophe: The Story of the Exeter Experiments with Constants (Schumacher Center for a New Economics).
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39
Schumacher Center for a New Economics (founded 1980 by Robert Swann as the E.F. Schumacher Society) and BerkShares, the local currency circulating in the Berkshires, Massachusetts since 2006.
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40
John Maynard Keynes, “Proposals for an International Clearing Union” (1942–44).
/ 05 / The Stack
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41
Art Brock, “Blockchain Blind Spots,” Medium, n.d.
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42
Open Source Initiative, “Cryptographic Autonomy License v1.0 (CAL-1.0),” n.d. opensource.org/license/cal-1-0
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43
Least Authority, “Audit of Holochain Lair Keystore,” January 2023. Least Authority, “Audit of Holochain Deterministic Integrity,” January 2023.
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44
Akash Network, “The Rise of Decentralized Compute,” n.d.
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45
Coinposters, “Decentralized GPU Cost Arbitrage: AWS at $514 vs Akash at $84 Weekly,” n.d.
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46
ByteIota, “Cloud Pricing Wars 2025: AWS, Azure, GCP Cost Comparison,” 2025.
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47
Unyt, “Unveiling Unyt Smart Agreements,” 2025. unyt.co/blog/unveiling-unyt-smart-agreements
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48
Unyt, “Roadmap and Release Documentation,” accessed 2026. unyt.co/blog
/ 08 / HOT and the Bridge
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49
Polygon Developer Documentation, “POL,” accessed 2026. docs.polygon.technology/pos/concepts/tokens/pol
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50
“MATIC to POL Migration Is 99% Complete: What You Need to Know,” Polygon Labs, 3 September 2025.
/ 09 / Structured Against Capture
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51
OpenAI, “Evolving OpenAI’s Structure,” 28 October 2025. “OpenAI’s Restructuring Deal Is Full of Holes, Critics Say,” CalMatters, October 2025.
Technical documentation and resources
- Holochain: holochain.org
- Holo: holo.host
- Unyt: unyt.co
- Source code: github.com/holochain · github.com/unytco